Mycoplasma vs Mycobacterium

Mycoplasma vs mycobacteriaMycobacteria argon aerophilous and slender, curved rod imprintd species. Since they ar aerobic they like to plump in aras where oxygen levels are high such(prenominal) as, apical or upper part of the lungs. Thus, a decrease in oxygen density washbasin be dangerous for these organisms. On the other hand, Mycoplasma is a bacterial genus that has more than 100 species. It was first described in the late 1800s and members of this genus are very tiny. Even though most of the species of this genus are harmless, there are some that appear to be virulent and thence are responsible for specific medial material bodys in humans (1).Mycobacteria cell circumvent is composed of waxes and mycolic acids, which poses them resistant to Gram staining however, they can be stained acid-fast. Whereas, Mycoplasmas are gram negative bacteria and one interesting singularity of these bacteria is that they dont select a cell skirt which gives them an elastic shape that can vary easily (1). The odd cell wall of mycobacteria and the absence of cell wall in Mycoplasmas make them bombproof to more drugs. Plus, both, Mycobacterium and Mycoplasma, grow very slow, this to a fault accounts for the long time to make observable colonies on laboratory media.Both Mycobacterium tebibyte and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are pathogenic bacterial species that causes respiratory parcel of land disease. The disease that Mycobacterium terbium cause is called tuberculosis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are responsible for causing mild upper respiratory tract infection cognise as atypical pneumonia. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was first discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch and it perishs to the genus Mycobacterium whereas, Mycoplasma pneumoniae belong to genus Mycoplasma. untypical pneumonia symptoms are disparate from typical pneumonia. In addition, sometimes patients dont dismantle bind any symptoms think to the respiratory tract. Frequently, patients remain ambu latory, therefore this condition is also sometimes called go pneumonia.Tuberculosis (TB) is spread from person to person via air. If a person, who has TB, coughs, sneezes, or speaks, he can put M. tuberculosis into the air. If close people breathe in these bacteria they can become infected. On the other hand, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is also transmitted from one person to another through close personal contact by respiratory droplets. Symptoms, such as fever, chest pain and cough, can be seen after the organism is in the hosts system for 12 to 14 days. Common characteristics of walking pneumonia are that the surface of alveoli is decreased due to inward swelling of the alveolar walls and alveoli dont fill with fluid.Whereas a typical pathogenesis for tuberculosis is that once the bacteria are inhaled, they start dividing at a very slow pace inside the cells (white blood cells) that have phagocytized them. They then educe a host response such as infiltration of neutrophil and accum ulation of fluid in the alveoli of the lung. The neutrophils are ruptured and unmake by the organisms. Then, macrophages and lymphocytes come to the alveoli and phagocytize living tubercle bacilli. These organisms again divide within the new host cell and destroy it as the phagocytes rupture they exclude infective organisms. This mold goes on until enough cells have been ruptured and an acute unhealthy response has occurred. If lesions are not healed, they can result in create from raw material necrosis or harden to become chronic granulomas, also known as tubercles. These tubercles may contain live tubercle bacilli or macrophages, and lung tissues and swear out in these areas are permanently destroyed. Also, some tubercle bacilli can also enter lymphatic and circulatory system. They spread through the body and track numerous lesions this condition is called military tuberculosisTuberculosis and walking pneumonia can be diagnosed in a clinical sample such as sputum however, since the bacteria grow very slowly sputum culturing process can lead weeks before it is declared negative. Other options for diagnosis of tuberculosis are X-rays or skin test and for walking pneumonia other serologic tests are ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, etc. But usually treatment is attached ground on clinical symptoms.Mycoplasma pneumoniae dont possess a cell wall which results in osmotic instability, so they utilize sterol in their tissue layer for geomorphologic support. However, survival without a cell wall is not a paradox for these organisms, because they live in an animal (human) host, which is osmotically stable (2). M. pneumoniae are invulnerable to B-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, because they disturb the cell wall and these microorganisms dont have a cell wall (2). So drugs, such as azithromycine or fluroquinolone, are used to fight these microorganisms. On the other hand, Mycobacteria unusual cell wall hinders the access of drugs and makes many an tibiotics ineffective. However, drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin can be given to the patients for at least one year. In addition, bacillus of Calmette and Gurin (BCG) vaccine is world-widely used to close out tuberculosis, but there is no vaccine currently available for walking pneumonia. Thus to prevent atypical pneumonia close contact with infected people is avoided.Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the smallest bacterial pathogen from the genus Mycoplasma. This microorganism is responsible for causing mild upper respiratory tract infection known as atypical pneumonia. This type of pneumonia has symptoms that are different from the typical pneumonia. In addition, sometimes patients dont even have any symptoms related to the respiratory tract. Frequently, patients remain ambulatory, therefore this condition is also sometimes called walking pneumonia.Mycoplasma pneumoniae is transmitted from one person to another via respiratory droplets. Symptoms, such as fever, chest pain and cough, can be seen after the organism is in the hosts system for 12 to 14 days. Common characteristics of walking pneumonia are that the coat of alveoli is decreased due to inward swelling of the alveolar walls and alveoli dont fill with fluid. Atypical pneumonia is diagnosed by isolating M. pneumoniae from sputum or from a nasopharyngeal wipe up however, since these bacteria grow very slowly this process can take up to 3 weeks. There are other serologic tests such as ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, etc., but usually treatment is given based on clinical symptoms.These microorganisms dont possess a cell wall which results in osmotic instability, so they utilize sterol in their membrane for structural support. However, survival without a cell wall is not a problem for these organisms, because they live in an animal (human) host, which is osmotically stable (2). M. pneumoniae are invulnerable to B-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, because they disturb the cell wall and the se microorganisms dont have a cell wall (2). So drugs, such as azithromycine or fluroquinolone, are used to fight these microorganisms. Plus, currently there is no vaccine available, thus to prevent atypical pneumonia avoid close contact with infected people.ReferencesWhat is Mycoplasma? WiseGEEK slip by answers for common questions. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. .M. pneumoniae. Index of /. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. .